Research Brief Evaluates the Human Rights Implications of Neurotechnology in Therapeutic and Commercial Applications

27 March 2025

Authored by Dr Erica Harper and Timo Istace, our recent report, 'Neurotechnology and Human Rights: An Audit of Risks, Regulatory Challenges, and Opportunities' offers a deep dive into the human rights implications of neurotechnology, focusing on both therapeutic and commercial applications. It identifies six critical human rights areas at risk from neurotechnology advancements: discrimination, freedom of thought, privacy, rights within the criminal justice system, mental and bodily integrity, and workplace rights. For each of these, the paper outlines the relevant human rights frameworks, potential impacts, associated risks, and proposes actionable recommendations for governments to safeguard these rights.

Given the complex and rapidly evolving nature of neurotechnology, the authors emphasize the challenges in crafting effective regulatory frameworks. They highlight that while enforceable domestic laws are essential for protecting human rights, states face significant technical and political hurdles in developing such legislation. An arguably more feasible option is the development of non-binding guidance that could serve as a normative baseline for policy development, foster international coordination, and promote consistent approaches to neurotechnology regulation, while still allowing for advancement and innovation.

The paper also addresses ethical concerns, such as the risk of normalizing neuroenhancement and exacerbating ableism. It calls for a proactive approach to ensure neurotechnology does not inadvertently lead to societal harm, including the violation of fundamental rights or the creation of new forms of inequality.

Erica Harper explained, 'As neurotechnology advances, it is crucial that we safeguard human rights by fostering international cooperation and establishing a regulatory framework that ensures innovation does not come at the cost of dignity, autonomy, and equality. To effectively address the risks, policymakers must prioritize the development of a comprehensive regulatory framework that balances innovation with the protection of fundamental human rights, ensuring that technological progress does not undermine individual freedoms and equality.'

MORE ON THIS THEMATIC AREA

GHRP Ai for Good Workshop News

Exploring the Role of Artificial Intelligence in Human Rights Monitoring: Key Takeaways from the AI for Good Workshop

22 July 2025

Our event brought together human rights practitioners, data scientists, and AI experts to explore how artificial intelligence can support efforts to monitor human rights and the Sustainable Development Goals.

Read more

ECHR Logo News

In Highlight: ECHR Knowledge Sharing Platform

13 May 2025

Via its DHRTTDs Directory, the Geneva Human Rights Platform provides a comprehensive list and description of such key tools and databases. But how to navigate them? Which tool should be used for what, and by whom? This interview helps us understand better the specificities of the current highlight of the directory: ECHR Knowledge Sharing Platform

Read more

A general view of participants during of the 33nd ordinary session of the Human Rights Council. Training

The Universal Periodic Review and the UN Human Rights System: Raising the Bar on Accountability

10-14 November 2025

This training course will explore the origin and evolution of the Universal Periodic Review (UPR) and its functioning in Geneva and will focus on the nature of implementation of the UPR recommendations at the national level.

Read more

Sign: National Human Rights Commission of Nepal Project

Local Implementation of Global Human Rights

Started in May 2020

The Geneva Human Rights Platform collaborates with a series of actors to reflect on the implementation of international human rights norms at the local level and propose solutions to improve uptake of recommendations and decisions taken by Geneva-based human rights bodies at the local level.

Read more

First annual conference of the Geneva Human Rights Platform Project

The Annual Conference of the Geneva Human Rights Platform

Started in June 2019

Read more

Cover of the 2023 Geneva Academy Annual Report Publication

Annual Report 2024

published on July 2025

Read more